" No man was ever yet a great poet,
without being at the same time a profound philosopher.
For poetry is the blossom and the fragrance of all human knowledge,
human thoughts, human passions, emotions, language. "
without being at the same time a profound philosopher.
For poetry is the blossom and the fragrance of all human knowledge,
human thoughts, human passions, emotions, language. "
"Though a country be sundered, hills and rivers endure;
And spring comes green again to trees and grasses
Where petals have been shed like tears
And lonely birds have sung their grief."
And spring comes green again to trees and grasses
Where petals have been shed like tears
And lonely birds have sung their grief."
1st - 3rd Century
4th Century
- Kalidasa (Indian)
5th Century
- Bodidharma (Indian - travelled to China)
8th Century
- Han-shan (Chinese)
- Li Po (Chinese)
- Tu Fu (Chinese)
- Rabia al Basri (Persian - Iraq)
- Sarvajnamitra (Indian)
9th Century
- Sivivakkiyar (Indian - Tamil)
- Al Hallaj (Persian - Iranian)
- Shankara (Indian)
11th Century Poets
- Shelomo ibn Gabirol (1021? - 1058)
- Omar Khayyam (11th Century)
- Milarepa (1052 - 1135)
12th Century Poets
- Hildegard of Bingen (1098 - 1179)
- Farid ud-Din Attar (1119? - 1220?)
- Akka Mahadevi (12th Century)
- 17th Century Poets at Amazon.com
" O Friend! we are near you in friendship,
Wherever you set foot, we prostrate ourselves like earth.
How is it permissible, in the religion of love,
That we should see your Creation and neglect to see You? "
Wherever you set foot, we prostrate ourselves like earth.
How is it permissible, in the religion of love,
That we should see your Creation and neglect to see You? "
- J.Rumi (1)
The 13th Century was a golden age for Sufi Poetry, concentrated in the areas of Turkey and Persia (in what is now Iran). The most famous of these poets was Jelaluddin Rumi, Rumi composed countless poems about his longing for the Divine and his spiritual experiences. Modern translations of his work have made him one of the best selling poets in the US. In EuropeChristian mystics such as St Francis of Assisi and Mechthild of Magdeburg put into poetic form there spiritual realisations.
13th Century Poets - Christian Mystics
- St Francis of Assisi (1181 - 1226)
- Meister Eckhart (1260 - 1327)
- Mechthild of Magdeburg (1207 - 1297)
- St Thomas Aquinas (1225 - )
Sufi Poets 13th Century
- Jelaluddin Rumi (1207 - 1273)
- Ibn 'Arabi (1165 - 1240)
- Sultan Valad (1240? - 1312)
- Mahmud Shabistari (1250? - 1340)
In Europe the 14th Century saw a flourishing of poetry in the UK. This period was sometimes referred to as Ricardian Poetry, after Richard II. Geoffrey Chaucer is often credited with being the first poet to demonstrate the poetic capacity of the English language.Two important spiritual poets who lived during this century was the Sufi Mystic Hafiz and St Catherine of Siena. Hafiz offered a prolific range of poetry which was taken down by his close followers. The poetry of Hafiz has witnessed a remarkable upsurge in interest during recent years.
14th Century poetsSufi Poets of the 14th Century
Hindu Poets of the 14th Century
- Vidyapati (1374-1460)
Christian Mystics of the 14th Century
- Catherine of Siena (1347 - 1380) (Italy)
- Mother Julian of Norwich
15th Century Poets
- Kabir Das (Indian Poet)
In Europe the 15th Century was a relatively barren period before the Elizabethan period. Poets included WIlliam Dunbar and George AshbyThe late 16th Century was an important era in the development of poetry. In Britain a group of poets such as John Donne and George Herbert became associated with the category of the Metaphysical Poets. The 16th Century also saw the birth of arguably the finest poet of the English language - William Shakespeare.Earlier in the 16th Century the Spanish Mystics Teresa of Avila and St John of the Cross left an important legacy of spiritual poetry expressing the mystical element of Christianity.In India there was a resurgence in Vaishnavism. This is a devotional form of Hinduism often based around the avatar Sri Krishna. Sri Krishna is said to be a manifestation of Vishnu. One of the most famous bhakti poets was Mirabai. Mirabai was a princess of a Royal family who eventually was forced into a life of a wandering saint. She composed many beautiful bhajans about her beloved - Sri Krishna.
16th Century Poets- Teresa of Avila (1515 - 1582) (Spanish)
- John of the Cross (1542 - 1591) (Spanish)
British 16th Century Poets- John Donne (1572-1631)
- George Herbert ( 1593- 1633)
- Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593)
- William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
- Edmund Spenser (c.1552-1599)
Indian 16th Century Poets- Chandidas
- Kanakadasa (1509-1609)
- Mirabai (1498 - 1565?) (Indian)
- Tulsidas (1532 - 1623)
The 17th Century saw the further development of the Metaphysical poets.British Poets- John Milton (1608 - 1674)
- William Shakespeare (1564- 1616
- Thomas Traherne
- Metaphysical Poets
Indian Poets of the 17th Century- Akkha Mahadevi (India)
- Tukaram (Hindu Poet)
Christian Mystics- Angelus Silesius (1624-1677)
The late 18th Century saw the birth of Romanticism. Influenced by revolutions in America and France the Romantic poetsoffered a radical development in poetry. The poetry of the Romantics was less constrained and more individualistic. Often the Romantics such as William Wordsworth gained their inspiration from nature rather than conventional religion. The poetry of William Blake is perhaps the most outstanding from this period, often he delved into mystical themes rarely touched upon by previous British Poets.In India there was a resurgence in the bhakti religion. The Hindu poets, Kamalakanta and Ramprasad Sen composed moving songs and poetry in devotion to the Divine Mother Kali.18th Century Poets
- Kamalakanta (Indian Poet)
- Seyh Galib (Sufi Poet)
- Alexander Pope
- Ryokan (Japanese Buddhist)
- Ramprasad Sen (Hindu Poet)
" I am the daughter of Earth and Water,
And the nursling of the Sky;
I pass through the pores of the ocean and shores;
I change, but I cannot die. "- Percy Shelley From: "The Cloud" 1820The early 19th Century saw the blossoming of the great Romantic poets such as Keats, Shelley and William Wordsworth. In America there was also a powerful movement of poets, loosely termed "Early American Poets" these included Emily Dickinson, Ralph Emerson and Walt Whitman. After the great Romantic poets the next generation of British Poets became associated with the Victorian age. To some extent they offered greater conformity of vision and were more likely to use Christian imagery but they were still influenced by powerful undercurrents of the Romantic movement. In fact the influence of Romanticism can be seen even in modern poets such as Gerard Manley Hopkins. Later poets of the twentieth century also acknowledged the influence of this creative period in poetry.In India Swami Vivekananda epitomised the revitalisation of Hindu culture. After centuries of decline under Muslim and then British rule Vivekananda powerfully called his countrymen to invoke the ancient universal and eternal ideals of Sanatana Dharma.British Poets in the 19th Century- Emily Bronte (1818 - 1848)
- Elizabeth Browning (1806 - 1861)
- Robert Browning (1812-1889)
- John Clare (1793 - 1864)
- Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772 - 1834)
- John Keats (1795 -1821)
- Rudyard Kipling
- Gerard Manley Hopkins (1844 - 1889)
- Christina Rossetti (1830 -1894)
- Percy Shelley ( 1792 - 1822)
- Lord Tennyson (1809 -1892)
- William Wordsworth (1770 - 1850)
American Poets in the 19th Century- William Bryant (1794 - 1878 )
- Emily Dickinson (1830 - 1886)
- Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803 - 1882)
- Henry Wordsworth Longfellow (1807 -1882)
- Henry David Thoreau (1817 - 1862)
- Walt Whitman (1819 - 1892)
- Robert Frost (1874-1963
Indian Poets in the 19th Century- Ramakrishna (1836 - 1886)
- Swami Vivekananda (1863 - 1902)
- Sarojini Naidu (1879 - 1949)
- Michael Madhusuda Dutt (b. 1824)
- Fikirchand
Sufi Poets in the 19th Century- Bibi Hayati (19th Century)
European Poets- St Teresa of Lisieux (1873-1896)
- Romain Rolland (1866-1944)
- W.B.Yeats (1865 - 1939)
- Oscar Wilde (1855 - 1900)
The Twentieth Century has seen an emergence of an unprecedented number of poets from around the world. Twentieth Century poets include some of these poets.
American 20th Century PoetsIndian 20th Century PoetsBritish 20th Century PoetsEuropean 20th Century Poets- Patrick Kavanagh (1904 - 1967)
- Yannis Ritsos (1909 - 1990)
Other Poets
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